Essay --

Capillary Liquid Chromatography- Mass SpectrometryWhat is Chromatography? Chromatography is the technical term for a deposit of laboratory approaches for the separation of mixtures (Solid/Liquid/Gas). The mixture is dissolved in a fluid which called the mobile phase, which carries it through a structure holding another stuff known as the stationary phase. The various constituents of the mixture transport at different velocities, causing them to separate. The separation is mainly based on differential separate between the mobile and its stationary phases. Subtle differences in a compounds partition coefficient result in differential retention time on the stationary phase and thus changing the separation (Tomer, et al., 1994). Chromatography can be preparative or analytical. The basic purpose of preparative chromatography is to separate the components of a mixture for more(prenominal) advanced uses (and also it is a method of purification). Analytical chromato graphy is done normally with smaller amounts of material and is for measuring the relative proportions of analytic in a mixture. The two are not mutually exclusive (Covey, et al., 1986). Basically chromatography methods can categorize based on several factors. by chromatographic bed shape1. tower chromatography2. Planner chromatography (Paper and Thin layer methods)Displacement Chromatographyby physical state of mobile phase1.Gas2.Liquidby separation mechanism1. surface assimilation chromatography2.Ion exchange chromatography3.Size exclusion chromatography4.Partition chromatography5.Affinity chromatographyFigure 1 Classification of Chromatography techniques. Liquid Chromatography Liquid chromatography (LC) is an analytical c... ... their mass / charge ratio (m/z). some(prenominal) different techniques are available for both ionization and ion analysis, resulting in many different catogories of mass spectrometers with different combinations of these two processes. In pra ctice, some combinations are furthermost more versatile than others and the following descriptions focus on the major types of ion sources and mass analyzers that used in LC-MS systems.Ion Sources1)Electrospray ionisation Source2)Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Source3)Atmospheric Pressure Photo IonizationMass Analyzers1)Quadruple Analyzers2)Time-of-flight Analyzers3)Ion Trap Analyzers4)Hybrid AnalyzersApplications of Capillary liquid chromatography- mass spectrometryBiochemical coating or genetic disorders,Drug Monitoring and Toxicology,Vitamins and Related Metabolites,Analysis of Steroid Hormones